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Prehistory
The area of today's Albania has been populated since prehistoric times. In antiquity, much of it was settled by the Illyrians, possible ancestors of present-day Albanians.[9]The modern Albanian state comprises the southernmost part of ancient Illyria and the northern part of ancient Epirus.
Surrounded by powerful, warring empires, Albania has experienced considerable violence and competition for control throughout its history. Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Venetians and Ottomans swept through, leaving their cultural mark as well as their ruins.
Archaeological research shows that the lands that are today inhabited by Albanians were first populated in the Paleolithic Age (Stone Age). The first areas settled were those with favourable climatic and geographic conditions. In Albania, the earliest settlements have been discovered in the Gajtan cavern (Shkodra), in Konispol, at Mount Dajti, and at Saranda. Fragments of Cyclopean structures, were discovered at Kretsunitsa, Arinishta, and other sites in the district of Gjirokastra. The walls, partly Cyclopean, of an ancient city (perhaps Byllis) are visible at Gradishti on the picturesque Viosa River. Few traces remain of the once celebrated Dyrrhachium (today Durrës).The rediscovered Greek[10] city of Butrint is probably more significant today than it was when Julius Caesar used it as a provisions depot for his troops during his campaigns in the 1st century BC. At that time, it was considered to be an unimportant outpost, overshadowed by the Greek colonies, Apollonia and Durrës.
Formal investigation and recording of Albania's archaeological monuments began with Francois Pouqueville, who was Napoleon's consul-general to Ali Pasha's court, and Martin Leake, who was the British agent there. A French mission, led by Len Rey, worked throughout Albania from 1924 to 1938 and published its results in Cahiers d'Archéologie, d'art et d'Histoire en Albanie et dans les Balkans (Notes of Archaeology, Art, and History in Albania and in the Balkans).
Archaeologists today are finding remains from all periods, from the Stone Age to the early Christian era.
Another project that produced prehistoric finds, though unexpectedly, was done in the valley of Kryegjata, close to the present-day city of Fier and in the area of Apollonia. This excavation, a collaboration between the University of Cincinnati and archaeologists from the Institute of Archeology in Albania, was originally a mission to learn about the Greek colony of Apollonia. Instead, they found evidence of a much older settlement.[11]
In 2000, the Albanian government established Butrint National Park, which draws about 70,000 visitors annually and is Albania's second World Heritage site.
In 2003, a synagogue dating from the 5th or 6th century AD was uncovered in Saranda, a coastal town opposite Corfu. It was the first time remains of an early synagogue have been found in that area. The history of its excavation is also noteworthy. The team found exceptional mosaics depicting items associated with Jewish holidays, including a menorah, ram's horn, and citron tree. Mosaics in the basilica of the synagogue show the facade of what resembles a Torah, animals, trees, and other biblical symbols. The structure measures 20 by 24 metres and was probably last used in the 6th century AD as a church.
The territory of Albania in antiquity was inhabited by the Illyrians,[12]who, like other Balkan peoples, were subdivided into tribes and clans.[13] The kingdom of Illyria grew from the general area of modern-day Northern Albania and eventually controlled much of the eastern Adriatic coastline. Scodra was its capital, just as the city is now the most important urban center of northern Albania. The kingdom, however, reached the zenith of its expansion and development in the 4th century BC, when King Bardyllis , one of the most prominent of the Illyrian kings, united many Illyrian tribes into one Illyrian kingdom, and attacked the Greeks of the Molossian kingdom of Epirus and the kingdom of Macedon. Its decay began under the same ruler as a result of the attacks made by Philip II of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great.
Ethnic origins
Most scholars consider that Albanians are direct descendants of an Illyrian tribe that was named "Albanoi,"[1] which was located in modern-day Albania.However to propagate the connection, the Albanian government in the communist era adopted a policy of artificially naming people with "Illyrian"[2] names. Other scholars dispute this and claim that Albanian derives from a dialect of the now-extinct Thracian language. Some other believes the majority of the Illyrians were conquered and/ or assimilated by the invading Slavic peoples after the fall of the Roman Empire.[3][4] The perception of Illyrian as centum language was based on analysis of Venetic language in northern Italy which scholars believed was related to Illyrian language.It is not considered Illyrian anymore and those tribes are not considered Illyrian as well.[5][6] .
Those who support the Illyrian-Albanian continuity theory maintain that all Illyrian tribes, except the Albanians, were assimilated or driven southwards into Albania and Greece during the Early Middle Ages after the waves of migrating barbarians. A formidable mountain homeland and resilient tribal society enabled the Albanians to survive into modern times with their identity and their Indo-European language intact. According to these scholars, the name 'Albania' is derived from the name of an Illyrian tribe called the Arbër, or Arbëreshë, and later Albanoi, that lived near Durrës.
ALBANIA
Une jetoj kuq e zi marr frym ship
shoh kuq e zi gjaku m'rrjedh shqip
jetoj ktu me fis me tradit e bajrak
me kanun e me ligj me fis e me gjak
Ku dhe guri osht i amel ku dhe vendi ka fjal
dhe ku nihet pushka kur ke na ka lind djal
dhe ku shtrohet sofra fillon nxehet votra
ku dhe pika ma e dobt ne moral osht motra
Red n'black i dress eagle on my chest
It's good to be an ALBANIAN
Keep my head up high for that flag i die
Im proud to be an ALBANIAN
Yo,yo,yo,yo kuq e zi me rrjedh gjaku neper vena
e ne çdo qelize gjall shpendi me dy krena
vend i bekum tona senet ktu i gjen
mos te folim vese edhe guri ketu vlen
vjetersina e gurina malet plot me barot
det e bregdet fusha te ujituna me lot
me fisnik e fise me lahuta e çifteli
me nje emer te madh te shenjt shqipni
Red n'black i dress eagle on my chest
It's good to be an ALBANIAN
Keep my head up high for that flag i die
Im proud to be an ALBANIAN
Une shoh kuq e zi ,jetoj vdes kuq e zi
marr fryme kuq e zi besoj kuq e zi
jetoj ku kanga jepet si kushtrim
si ne fushebetej si nje lindje e varrim
ku shqiponja ulet i ngul thonjt e ulet ne toke
ku fjala ka peshe qe nuk matet me "ok"
ku vijat e dores thojn njetin tregim
ku rrudhat ne ball flasin per mundim
Flas kuq e zi ,godas kuq e zi
une degjoj kuq e zi ,shenoj kuq e zi
nji dashni me vlon per ket fis e ket far
pra zemra jeme Im proud to be Shqiptare
Red n'black i dress eagle on my chest
It's good to be an ALBANIAN
Keep my head up high for that flag i die
Im proud to be an ALBANIAN
Albania(shqiperia) is a place of unexpected beauty,located in the heart of europe in balkans.Albania is the last and the most beautiful secret of europe.This video shows some photos of my country and it is daticated to all albanians wherever they are, and to all europian and non europian friends of albanians .Albania the land of the eagles welcomes you... Andorra,Armenia,argentina, australia, austria, belarus, belgium, bulgaria, macedonia, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Egypt, estonia, finland, france, germany, greece, georgia,
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